Columbia XJL-1

The Columbia XJL-1 was intended as a replacement for the Grumman J2F Duck amphibious bi-plane for the United States Navy. Originally designed by Grumman it was turned over to the Columbia Aircraft Corporation for development and construction so that Grumman could focus on the production of fighters for the Navy. Only were three XJL-1s were built. One was used for destructive strength testing and the other two were used for flight-testing.